Abstracts - CDT Nº 40

Humanities - Social Sciences  

Research

The Theory of Social Representations: its Contributions to the Public Understanding of Science studies

Cortassa, Carina G.*

Abstracts

The aim of this article is to present a set of relevant contributions of the Theory of Social Representations to current research in the field of Public Understanding of Science. I will begin by examining the key conceptual issues of the theory. Then, I will describe the way it has been applied to account how scientific knowledge is spread and fitted in the popular common sense. Yet, I will argue that the theory is of major interest in a deeper sense; i.e., to handle with a core of social and cultural constrictions that shape epistemic interactions between scientists and the publics and affect, therefore, the possibilities of a genuine dialogue, devoted to share knowledge and to debate concepts and reasons in a more plural and horizontal way.

Chiaroscuros of the Social Responsibility of Organizations, a Philosophical View

Heler, Mario*

Abstracts

The social responsibility of organizations is being fostered nowadays. The starting of the discussion of this responsability refers to a central problem of the ethics of organizations (not always considered a topic): the relation between society and organizations. However, the expression can operate as an epistemological obstacle for the discussion, as far as it is not an univocal expression which prescribes devices to approach the above mentioned relation. I shall explain a way of thinking the question of the social responsibility of organizations by means of understanding the circuit of the relation of responsibility. A few remarks about the present ambiguous meanings of terms such as morals, ethics and politics will help to stipulate two meanings of responsibility that stand in opposition/tension when carrying out the social responsibility of organizations. This stipulation might become a contribution of the ethics of philosophical tradition to the discussion in the organizations about their responsability.

Modes of Public Visibility of Child Sexual Abuse

Ledesma, María*; Rozados, Laura**; Cattaneo, Juliana**; Rosa, Claudia**; De Zan, María Eugenia**; Dagatti, Mariano**

Abstracts

This paper presents the results of a research study in the field of Social Semiotics that questioned the topic of child sexual abuse from a scarcely explored aspect: strong media presence. The focus was placed on the degree of public visibility understood in terms of iconicity and image since it was assumed, as a preliminary hypothesis, that it is in the ways of veiling/hiding/spectacularizing the victims and their perpetrators where we can trace the survival of the taboo that situates the victims of abuse in the field of the forbidden and shameful. Among other considerations, it was observed that media relevance of the issue establishes recurrent equivalence between care/exhibition of the identity of the victims of child sexual abuse and care/exhibition of protagonists of youth violence.

Communications

E-learning. Student’s opinions about educational resources

Peretó, Nora*; Ghiotti, Mónica*; Pérez, Beatriz*; Goría Carla**; Vargas, Silvia**

Abstracts

We conducted a study aimed to learn about the students’ preferences on mediums and materials used at an E-learnin Programme with credits for the Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) at the Universidad Nacional de Rosario (Rosario city, Argentina), as part of a research project intended to analyze and evaluate the educational methods by means of an anonymous and voluntary survey used to qualify the different educational resources through open and closed questions. This paper presents the results of the qualitative study focused on the answers to the open questions.

Exact y Natural Sciences

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Research

Evaluation of Noise Reduction Techniques in Speech Signals

Torres, M.E.*; Rufiner, H.L.*; Aronson, L.**; Martínez, C.E.***; Milone, D.H.*; Tomassi, D.R.****

Abstracts

In subtropical or warmer regions, warm season grasses are the basis of turfgrass but they show dormancy during the winter season. Therefore to have the deepest knowledge of grasses with periods of emergency to implantation and inactive short vegetative states, thin texture, good colour, good sanitary behaviour and response to fertilization is of utmost importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of Cynodon dactylon grasses (bermudagrass) commercialized for sportive and ornamental uses in the Departament of Paraná (Entre Rios, Argentina). Response to fertilization, sprouting, dormancy, colour, texture and coverage were evaluated. The test consisted of two treatments: with and without drainage, with four repetitions. The experimental design consisted of paired-plots; measurements were taken from March 2005 to November 2006.There were no differences among the evaluated bermudagrasses and they were all characterized as showing high coverage, thin texture, medium green colour, dormancy at low temperatures and a good response to fertilization.

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Metaheuristics FEPSO Applied to Combinatorial Optimization: Phase Balancing in Electric Distributions Systems

Schweickardt, Gustavo*; Miranda, Vladimiro**

Abstracts

This work presents a new metaheuristic oriented to solve Combinatorial Optimizations Problems, commonly observed in different scientific knowledge fields. It aims contribute, from the Artificial Intelligence, to Optimal Systems Design, where the techniques based on Classical Mathematical Programming are unsuccessful. The metaheuristic, called FEPSO (Fuzzy Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization), integrates techniques of Fuzzy Optimization, Swarm Intelligence and Evolution Strategies, demonstrating an excellent ability to find global solutions. While the proposed model is the result of extensive research, their developments are discussed with the aim of incorporating them into areas of discussion and relevant education, fostering its dissemination and critical. A solution for a problem of Phase Balancing of a Three-Phase Low Voltage Electric Distribution System, disscused in the state of art, is presented.

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Evaluating the Obstetric Sophropedagogic Method Efficiency through Beta-endorphins’ Dosage

Manuele, Eduardo; Arca, Manuel; Arca, Francisco; Gorischnik, Margarita; Leiva, Carina; Schuler, Ema; Viera, Ma. Noelia

Abstracts

Results of a study aimed to relate the serum levels of beta-endorphins with the degree of painful sensation perceived by women during delivery labor are presented. Two groups of patients in identical obstetric conditions differentiated only by their sophropedagogic preparation for childbirth were compared. It was assumed that the prepared patients would have less painful sensations and therefore fewer requirements of endogenic analgesics. The results suggest the effectiveness of the method as well of its implementation.

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Management of Postharvest Citrus Fungi by Microbial Antagonists

Visintin, Griselda; Fálico, Ladys; García, Blanca *

Abstracts

The emergence of resistant strains to existing fungicides and safe food requirements drive the use of alternative control measures with non-polluting substances and rapid biodegradation, as the use of microbial antagonists. In this paper we show the collection, selection and determination of the effectiveness of microorganisms antagonistic microflora from citrus against Penicillium sp. In vitro techniques allow select as antagonists and provided knowledge about the biochemical-physiological interaction with the pathogen. In wounds in fruits, the interaction was conditioned by the establishment and persistence of the microorganism population, the effect of the waxes used and temperature storage. In addition to the specific interaction between antagonist and pathogen, applying different experimental techniques show that the effectiveness of biological treatment depends on the application’s form, which must be incorporated into packaging technology without major changes, notably with the storage conditions according to marketing destinations.

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In Vitro Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Anthers Culture

Lassaga, Sergio*; Bretón, Adriana**; Gieco, Lucrecia**; Milisich, Héctor***; Dittrich, Alberto***

Abstracts

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important oil crop and an interesting agriculture production activity in Entre Ríos. Its nutritional qualities provide a high expectation for an increased national and international commercial demand. Crop genetic improvement is a tool that allows obtaining new genotypes adapted to constantly changing conditions. Consumers look for better nutrition qualities and farmers needs new genotypes adapted to the ecological and climatic requirements. Anther culture is considered the most successful method of producing doubled haploid plants in flax and it can be used in flax breeding programs to increase the efficiency and obtain lines in a short time. Although flax appeared to be recalcitrant to this technology through the study here presented some adjustments in the protocols that allowed obtaining a suitable growth at callus stage and reduced in a significant manner the calluses oxidation during the regeneration stage were made.

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