Abstracts - CDT Nº 28
  
 
Humanities and Social Sciencies
Research
[Index] - [Spanish]
 

University Educational Work: Meanings, Subjects and History
María del R. Badano, Raquel A. Basso, María G. Benedetti, María A. Angelino, Javier Ríos
Key-Words: university - educational work - meanings of work - UNER

Some aspects regarding the results of a research held on University Educational Work and its meanings for the subjects performing it, developed in the School of Social Work from the National University of Entre Ríos (UNER) (Argentina) during the 1998/2001 term, are presented in this article. The research took on a qualitative methodology with use of quantitative and qualitative strategies according to its different moments and considered feedback and transference activities also. The resulting descriptions illustrate the particular features of the university educational work at this institution. Fieldwork constituted the central stage of the research, which along with the analysis undertaken enabled the conclusions here presented, related to the history of the object, quantitative information about teachers and the meaning that usually is ascribed to educational work at the university.

** Directora del proyecto; Profesora Titular Ordinaria de Asesoría Pedagógica y de la cátedra Trabajo Final con orientación a la Investigación, FTS, UNER. E-mail:
mbadano@fts.uner.edu.ar

The Experience of Pregnancy in the Passage through Adolescence
Alicia Genolet, Carmen Lera, Cristina Gelsi, Zunilda Schoenfeld, Silvana Musso, María S. Mulone, María S. Schmuck
Key-Words: adolescence - adolescent maternity - maternal ideal - social representations

This article displays the statistical behavior of adolescent mothers who received health care in the Maternity Service from the “San Roque” Hospital (Paraná, Entre Ríos, Argentina) during 1997-1999, and the experiences and representations regarding motherhood and contraception held by a group of teenagers (mothers and non-mothers). The statistical study was based on a sample of 890 birth files, which were processed with SPSS software. The interpretation of qualitative data allowed constructing the following conceptualizations: the adolescents who were studied endure conditions that display a triple vulnerability: for being women, poor and teenagers. Adolescence constitutes a time of vulnerability for subjects in their passage to adulthood, and it bears a special meaning
under conditions of risk, frailty and deprivation in relationships, family and social bonds.
Vulnerability and poverty strengthen the subordinate condition of the female gender: exercise of traditional roles (upbringing of children, housework) and exclusion from instances of social and educational participation.

** Directora del proyecto; Profesora Titular Ordinaria de Asesoría Pedagógica y de la cátedra Trabajo Final con orientación a la Investigación, FTS, UNER. E-mail:
mbadano@fts.uner.edu.ar

Social Representations about Family
Eloísa E. de Jong*; Raquel Adela Basso; Marisa G. Paira; Lilia E. García
Key-Words: Family - representations - meanings - social work - professional intervention

This article presents results of a research study aimed to know the representations and meanings about family held by the students and their incidence upon working out intervention proposals. The meanings constructed by the students from their family life experience were studied, as well as their relationship to the ways of understanding the professional intervention. Methodologically, a qualitative strategy was used to understand the representations expressed as meanings from family life experience, regarding the professional intervention of social workers. The main question that led the research was: How do students signify the professional intervention from their social representations about family?

*) Profesora Titular Ordinaria del Seminario de Familia, Fac. Trab. Social, UNER. Directora del referido proyecto. E-mail: edejong@fts.uner.edu.ar

The View of School from the Standpoint of Their Directors
Mirta S. Giacobbe*
Key-Words: school management - construction of school - educational community
We performed a study addressed to learn about the role played by each one of the actors of the community in “constructing the school” as a unity, through the words of the directors of fifteen educational institutions from different levels (EGB1, EGB2, EGB3 and Polimodal*) from the city of Rosario (Argentine Republic). We started from the idea that school performance does not currently respond to a vertical and hierarchical structure, but rather it is the product of common work by all the actors and the interaction with the community. The school goals are not predetermined but they arise from real problems, which have no ordinary solutions. We noticed that hypertrophy of regulations influence on life and school tasks and hamper the involvement by the team of directors in the school’s running. Directors ad here to strict regulations to avoid conflicts.
* EGB 1, 2 and 3: General Basic Education, which comprises the first to the ninth grade;
Polimodal: High or Secondary School
*) Profesora en Historia y Doctora en Historia y Geografía; investigadora del CONICET, Área de Ciencias de la Educación, con sede de trabajo en el IRICE.

 

 
Technical and Natural Sciencies, Ingeneering and Technology

Automatic Speech Recognition System
Hugo L. Rufiner*, Diego H. Milone
Key Words: automatic speech recognition - man-machine interfaces - artificial intelligence -
voice signal (processing and analysis)
A multidisciplinary project involving tools from phonetic, grammar, modeling, ear physiology and auditory perception, neuronal networks, programming and artificial intelligence was developed, aimed to research and development of automatic speech recognition systems in Spanish, capable of providing an output in written text to be used in a text processor or as command input in conventional programs or graphic interfaces. A full system for automatic recognition of speech can be divided into a stage of sign processing, another one of phoneme classification and a third one of language modeling. The first group carries out a processing of the speech sign, preparing it and making a spectrum-temporal analysis. The classification stage processes the sequence of spectrums to give back a chain of symbols that corresponds to the sequence of phonemes or diphones emitted. The last module consists of an analyzer addressed to decipher the words and phrases contained in the chains of pseudo-phonetic symbols emitted in the prior module. In this article the different lines studied around these three basic modules are reviewed.
*) Bioingeniero, Mg.Ing.Biom., Profesor Adjunto Ordinario en Bioingeniería I, Fac. Ingeniería, Director del proyecto. E-mail: lrufiner@fi.uner.edu.ar

Non-Conventional -Solar and Aeolian- Energy for Rural Schools in the Province of Entre Ríos
Armando B. Brizuela*, César Aguirre
Key Words: solar energy - aeolian energy - non conventional energy resources
The project was addressed to learn about the solar and aeolian resources in the Province of Entre Ríos (Argentina) to determine the feasibility of its use and to carry out illustrative experiences in rural schools lacking electricity and hot water services. The objectives were set by stages, to explore and select possible locations, taking into account the natural resources available and the needs for energy of the schools. In one of the selected places, the “Francisco Ramírez” School, the equipment was installed with the participation of the local community. The experience was addressed to achieve acceptance and adoption by teachers, students and parents. The resources were evaluated by the methodology used by the Solarimetric Network. As results, the project gave out a preliminary survey -solar and aeolian- for Entre Ríos, and the “Francisco Ramírez” School was furnished with a set that
includes: one aerogenerator, two photovoltaic panels, a battery bank, full lights facilities in the classroom, a solar water heater, a water distiller and a full automatic meteorological station.
*) Investigador del CONICET, profesor Titular de Climatología y Fenología Agrícola, Fac. de Cs. Agropecuarias, UNER. E-mail: cidbrizuela@infoaire.com.ar

Study on Declines by Defrosting in Chicken Fillets

Teira, Gustavo*; Perlo, Flavia; Bonato, Patricia; Fabre, Romina
Key Words: declines by defrosting, chicken fillet, pH, color, response surface methodology
Freezing is an excellent method to preserve meats with minimal changes in their qualitative
and organoleptic properties. However, the exudation derived from posterior defrosting, if
too abundant, results in a decrease in the quality of the food. The objective of the present
work was to study the possible relationship between the declines produced during defrosting
of chicken breasts fillets and some quality parameters such as pH and color, and to develop
a mathematical model for the prediction of such declines. The results point out to the
existence of a significant correlation between the declines produced during defrosting and
pH of chicken fillets, and also between pH and the red color (a* coordinate). The
mathematical models proposed present an important adjustment, so they would enable
an acceptable prediction for declines by defrosting in fillets.
*) Ingeniero, Master en Tecnología de Alimentos, Profesor Titular de la cátedra mencionada, investigador. E-mail: teirag@fcal.uner.edu.ar

Current Situation and Views of a Main Component of Bovine Meat Quality: Tenderness
Gustavo A. Teira
Key Words: bovine meat - tenderness - quality parameters
According to consumers the degree of acceptability of a bovine meat cut mainly depends on its tenderness. However, this is a very variable parameter and its causes are related to genetic factors, environmental conditions and post-mortem treatment applied, as well to the lack of current categorization systems capable of classifying animals to guarantee a minimal level of suitable tenderness. The attempts to measure or estimate tenderness through the use of other simple parameters have not yielded results either significant or of easy industrial implementation so far. However, current knowledge provides alternatives to not only decrease the high intrinsic variability of this parameter, but also to improve it in certain cases. The integration of bovine meat production chain including consumers, along with control for the critical points of production and the implementation of modern technologies, will surely represent a good starting point to improve tenderness for retail meat.
*) Ingeniero, Master en Tecnología de Alimentos, Profesor Titular de la cátedra mencionada, investigador. E-mail: teirag@fcal.uner.edu.ar

 

 
Agricultural and Medical Sciencies

Development of Soybean Cultivars Improved with High Potential of Performance
for the Litoral Region
Diana M. Fresoli*, Patricia N. Beret, Pedro H. Rojas
Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merrill - applied phytogenetics - juvenile stage - delayed flowering

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the main plant products due to its productivity,
adaptability and profitability potential. This project was aimed to develop new genetic
recombinants of soybean adapted to the area, with a high performance, good seed
quality, harvest safety and indifference to photoperiod. Traditional genetic improvement
of the species was started with the introduction of genotypes from its centers of origin,
followed by hybridization and afterward selection, using the single seed descent (SSD)
method. Agronomic, phenological and sanitary behavior were evaluated through comparative
trials during four seasons. As a result, three new phytogenetic soybean creations were
registered in the Argentine National Registry of Cultivar Property and the Argentine Registry
of Cultivar Control: Mercurio FCA, Iridio FCA and Platino FCA, which in the years of
evaluation presented an excellent performance, seed quality, juvenile trait and resistance
in field to soybean stem canker produced by Diaporthe phaseolorum f sp. Meridionalis.
*) Prof. Cátedra de Genética y Mejoramiento Vegetal y Animal, Fac. Cs. Agropecuarias, UNER, E-mail: dfresoli@fca.uner.edu.ar

MERCURIO FCA: New Soybean Cultivar that Extends the Frontiers of its Group
Diana M. Fresoli*, Patricia N. Beret, Pedro H. Rojas
Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merrill - applied phytogenetics - juvenile stage -cultivars

The MERCURIO F.C.A. cultivar derives from the crossing of the Garimpo and A 5409 varieties,
carried out during the 1991/92 agricultural season in the experimental field of the
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias from the Universidad Nacional de Entre RÌos (Argentina).
In year 2000, it was registered in the Argentine National Registry of Cultivar Property
and in the Argentine Registry of Cultivar Control. MERCURIO FCA is a cultivar that
belongs to the VL (five long) maturity group, with indeterminate stem growth, white flowers
and gray pubescence. Its strategy to achieve a maximal and stable performance is focused
on its growth habit and in juvenile trait incorporation (indifference to photoperiod),
thus achieving adaptation to a wide production area. It is resistant to the soybean stem
canker produced by Diaporthe phaseolorum f sp. Meridionalis.
*) Prof. Cátedra de Genética y Mejoramiento Vegetal y Animal, Fac. Cs. Agropecuarias, UNER, E-mail: dfresoli@fca.uner.edu.ar