Abstracts
Nº 21
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Abstracts |
Nº 21
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Humanities and Social Sciencies
Regional Importance of Citriculture |
J.Biasizo, M. Coradini, J. Vera |
| Key-Words: Citrus - Small farming - Financial System - Microfinances - Loans |
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The
citrus area in the Entre Ríos Province amounts about 33% of the
whole area in Argentina and its production is about 32% of the national
one. In the Concordia Department the 85,5% of the citrus farms are smaller
than 100 has. In this research we tried to identify the obstacles for
the small citrus farmers to accede to loans under fair conditions. The
present crisis caused by inner and external factors is leading a great
numbers of small citrus farmers to give up the activity. The high financial
rates made the loan taking unattainable to them, adding more difficulties
to the negative rent that the citrus activity exhibits, and that is the
most important problem to be solved. The last years crisis easied the
way for the decision power concentration in a few companies and turned
it difficult to the small farmers to continue in activity. Therefore it
is urgent for public and private banks to offer financial services suitable
to the small citrus farmer's needs, in order to insert them back into
the economy, thus turning possible for the citriculture to recover its
former leading rol in the regional development.
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The school management under adverse conditions |
G. Canteros, S. Celman et al. |
| Key
words: educational management - school organization - popular education
- social environment - institutional analysis |
| This paper is based on the final rapport of a research developed between 1994 an 1998 at the Faculty of Education (National University of Entre Ríos), at Paraná City, Argentina. The purpose was to study the processes an factors involved in the management of the school operating in highly difficult social conditions in contexts of poverty and neediness. The study aimed to make evident that a new look about the school's management in adverse conditions is necessary. Starting from this perspective it is possible to propose some guide lines of educational organization, institucional evaluation, management training and compensatory programs. |
Development of attitudes toward sexuality and romantic partners in adolescents from Paraná (Argentina) since 13-14 to 17-18 years old |
Alicia Facio, Mercedes Batistutta et al. |
| Key words: Adolescence - Sexuality - Romantic Partners |
| An aleatory sample of 165 13-14 years-old adolescents that attended the first year in all secondary schools in Paraná (Argentina) completed a survey about different aspects of their socio-emotional development during 1988. They were located in 1990 and 1992, with a minimum 6% attrition. The conclusions are that from the 13-14 to the 17-18 years the acceptance of sexual activity and the affective importance of romantic partners grow significantly, mainly in the first age segment. To delay sexual activity and "going steady" with a romantic partner until being 17-18 increases girls' psychological wellbeing and, to a lesser extent, that of boys. Gender has a strong impact on the answers, not being the case for socio-economic status and attending public or Catholic schools. The most religious males have more continent attitudes regarding sexuality. The application of conclusions derived from Anglo-saxon populations to Argentinean adolescents is controversial. Although a revolution has taken place in the acceptance of premarital sexual relationships in 17-18 girls, these adolescents hold attitudes toward sexuality that are more traditional in many aspects because parents share power with friends in a lesser extent in Argentina that in Anglo-Saxon countries. |
A study
on the conditions of the family - public institutions link.
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Susana Cazzaniga et al. |
| Key Words: Family - Public Institutions - Dispositive - Dependency |
| Public institutions and families related to them due to their needs for survival establish a certain type of relationship that has several forms of influence upon the social-problem solving, giving place to events of clientelism, dependency and answers that are partial or even result in disorganization of the family reality. The research undertaken was partly aimed to clear up that link and determine the different components of the "game". We inicially assumed that such sort of link originates a strong dependency upon the institutions on the more excluded sectors of society, breeding deep contradictions resulting obstacules for the overcoming of family and social conflicts. Attempting to theoretically support the modality shown by the particular case of the public institution selected for the field work, we concluded that the link set with the families demanding from it may be characterized as a complex weave of relationships producing on the subjects a trend to dependency from asistance and protection. Such effects may be viewed as a functional overdeterminant -i.e., undesirable effects- created by the institutional dispositive, in terms of Foucault. |
The relationship between Social Work as a profession and the role ascribed to women |
Alicia Genolet, Carmen I. Lera et al. |
| Key words: Social Work - Profession - Female Profession - Gender - Gender and Labor |
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This research sought to unveil and explore the relationship between social work as a profession and the role ascribed to women. The fact that this profession is mainly chosen by women in the Entre Ríos Province moved us to inquire whether there exists or not a social construction assigning to it a female character. The results of a quest survey and in-deep interviews showed concerns about professional and labour conditions such as uneasiness, insecurity, devaluation, lack of recognition as well as difficulties related to the negotiation of working posts. Profession as a category was taken from P. Bourdieu's perspective, regarding it as a field within which certain axes named structural invariants were recognized. Gender theories allowed an analysis of those features related to the nature of female profession as well as its obstacles nowadays, i.e. its devaluated place within certain organizations, analogous to women's position in society. Some other features shown should also be studied, since they become sources of conflict for female social workers, such as the chance to exert power, money manage and the construction of scientific knowledge. However, women that occupy or have occupied decision-making positions exhibit some differential strategies from other colleagues. |